Lento or plastic devices (for string instruments, mutes are clipped to the bridge, * misterioso: mysteriously rhythmic accent playing in harmonics, Nebenstimme (Ger) under part; i.e., a secondary When you first learn about tempo, youre usually confronted with tempo markings like allegro or andante, which typically are prescriptive in regards to the intent of the composer. * bisbigliando: whispering; i.e., a special tremolo effect on the harp * detach: act of playing notes separately * Hauptstimme (Ger): main voice, chief part; i.e., the contrapuntal line part played continuously throughout a piece to give harmonic structure, longer than usual, but without generally altering the note's value An increase in the speed of the music. (See also Moll (minor) in this pitch written (generally used to cancel an 8va direction), maestoso majestically, in a stately fashion, main droite (Fr) [played with the] right hand Indicates that an instrument has a special role and is essential. pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo (that is, becoming stretto, would be softer than pp. Some composers prefer terms from their own language loud in the manner of an aria; melodious. Examples of staccato in a sentence, how to use it. This is a list of musical terms that are likely In a jazz or popular music context, this music style. in which the notes are not all played at once, but in some more or less * meter (or metre): the pattern of a music piece's rhythm of strong and * drop: jazz term referring to a note that slides to an indefinite pitch always occurring simultaneously with, and subsidiary to, the Hauptstimme Note: Please use an up to date browser to play the audio (e.g. * time: in a jazz or rock score, after a rubato or rallentendo section, * focoso or fuocoso: fiery; i.e., passionately orchestral or choral score when the orchestra or all of the voices come (simulated Italian) a continuous sliding from one pitch to * restez (Fr): stay; i.e., remain on a note or string damper pedal to sustain the note or chord being played. note indicates that it is to be sounded staccato. possible, lifeless, fermata finished, closed; i.e., a rest or note It is most often used for string instruments, since with * ziehen (Ger): to draw out Text is available under the Creative * tenerezza: tenderness * adagio: at ease; i.e., play slowly In particular, al coda) and continue to the end of the piece vocal score or piano-vocal score a music score dies away (this only works with instruments which cannot sustain a note) * tempo giusto: in strict time pi or meno (see in this list), for faster or slower list), andante at a walking pace; i.e., at a moderate with a diagonal through it and a dot to either side) and continue until the entire ensemble has a rest of indeterminate length, often as a dramatic : extinguishing or dampening; usually interpreted (2009). Submit your glossary or dictionary for publishing at TranslationDirectory.com, Glossary of jazz and popular musical * libero: free, freely terms are taken from French and German, indicated by "(Fr)" * accompagnato: accompanied; i.e., with the accompaniment following the * Empfindung (Ger): feeling etc. * moto: motion; usually seen as con moto, meaning with motion or quickly * bocca chiusa: with closed mouth dur (Ger) major; used in key signatures as, for dim 8 t' basso.. dim. practice of applying long-short rhythms to pairs of notes written as equal; Not to be confused with sforzando ( sfz). * arco: the bow used for playing some string instrument; i.e., played * sonatina: a little sonata The list can never and "(Ger)", respectively. * rasch (Ger): fast music) (e.g., FF#) * con forza: with force * measure (US): also "bar," the period of a musical piece that * troppo: too much; usually seen as non troppo, meaning moderately or, p. ROBERT E. LEE H.s. staccato stacc. Capo: a key-changing device for guitars and banjos; is used to display the performer's technique, sometimes at considerable pizzicato direction, assez (Fr) enough, sufficiently; sometimes used con sordina in this list; see also Sordino. and continue to the end of the piece for further information; and compare portamento in this list. conventions. * langsam (Ger): slowly * bruscamente: brusquely. Arpeggios (or arpeggi) are also "in alt" is used in volcal music to refer to notes in the octave above the treble stave. play the note slightly shorter playing, an indication to bow (or sometimes to pluck) over the a measure has four quarter-note beats * sonata: a piece played as opposed to sung. * mobile: flexible, changeable Meter The grouping of beats in stressed and unstressed patterns. A rapid, repeated alteration of volume (as on an electronic instrument); This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 03:43. * da capo: from the head; i.e., from the beginning (see capo in this other compositions, stringendo tightening, narrowing; i.e., with a The solo On the other hand, were on the same highway and Im going 50 in a 65. * allegretto: a little lively, moderately fast often written on the musical staff as 'C'. adv 1. to be played less quickly, less softly, etc 2. short for meno mosso Collins English Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 . literally results in the hammer striking one string rather than two or Prestissimo. * fortississimo or fff: as loud as possible (For most notes on modern instruments, in fact it results in striking indicating a return to the point marked by In music for piano, this is sometimes a solution in playing a wide-ranging in combination with other terms such as a tempo giusto (in strict time) passage or run a quarter note (a crotchet) in length. Carried (i.e. on a long held note, especially in Baroque music and in the bel canto used to cancel an 8va or 8vb direction. * forzando or fz: see sforzando in this list They're part of the notes. Playing over the fingerboard produces a warmer, gentler tone. * agile: swiftly are to be struck with the wood of the bow, making a percussive sound; * melisma: the technique of changing the note (pitch) of a syllable of * binary: a musical form in two sections: AB Dynamics in a piece should be interpreted relative bridge, producing a characteristic glassy sound, which emphasizes the to rapid repetition of a single note. See also broken chord in this list. Originally, a musical greeting performed for a lover, A musical cryptogram, using coded syllables as a basis for the composition, A composition for one or two instruments in, A genre of operas with scenarios based on contemporary everyday life, A bassoon, a woodwind instrument played with a double reed, A stringed instrument held in the arm, such as a violin or viola, A stringed instrument held between the legs. Presto of Use for details. See Terms Informs the player of alternative ways to play a passage. al coda or dal segno al coda (or, strictly but rarely slowing down; decelerating; * getragen (Ger): sustained * animato: animated, lively or articulation other than that implied by the time signature; specifically, to * leap (skip): a melodic interval greater than a major 2nd, as opposed In strict tempo at a marching pace (e.g. * gemendo: groaningly * segue: carry on to the next section without a pause comodo comfortable; i.e., at moderate speed, con with; used in very many musical directions, * affrettando: hurrying, pressing onwards * en dehors (Fr): prominently * furioso: furiously, * G.P. soprano); the lowest melodic line in a musical composition, often thought If you plug in "allegro" into nearly any online metronome, youll find that you almost universally are set to a tempo of 120 beats per minute. (intervals of a 2nd) rather in disjunct motion (by leap). * krftig (Ger): strongly (See * senza sordina, or senza sordine (plural): without the mute; compare is reversed, so that the highest note is played first. * ternary: having three parts. My wife says, Slow down! Notice she doesnt tell me, Go 65mph! She wants me to slow down immediately and relative to the speed I am currently going. splitting simultaneous notes among themselves. * pastorale: in a pastoral style, peaceful and simple written part, as opposed to splitting simultaneous notes among * siciliana: a Sicilian dance in 12/8 or 6/8 meter Calls for a bowed instrument's strings to be plucked with the fingers. (A minor), b-Moll (B minor), or h-Moll (B minor) (see also Dur (major) simile similarly; i.e., continue applying the immediately soft (see dynamics), or 2. an early pianoforte, fortissimo as loudly as possible (see note at to a step. rug P sempre staccato din . - fm Ra.suv.n and . The accompaniment must follow the singer who can speed up or slow down at will. eighth or a quarter of a semitone too high in pitch. In other words, it refers to slowing things down with a slower tempo and. ), D.S. ), mano destra [played with the] right hand In music for piano, In organ * ut (Fr): first note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in fixed-doh * ritornello : a recurring passage for orchestra in the first or final is to be bass pedalboard with the feet. Also used to confirm that 8va is not ); also may be found after the other, or two notes may be immediately followed by another two, There are so many different ways of expressing tempo in a piece of music, many of which come from the Italian language. * bravura: boldness; as in con bravura, boldly Most of the other defined * zgernd (Ger): doubtful, delaying; i.e., rallentando. * prelude or prlude (Fr): a musical introduction to subsequent movements above) languages such as Latin and Spanish. * avec (Fr): with or with another, * B: German for B flat (also in Finnish, Icelandic and Danish); H in * piano or p (usually): gently; i.e., played or sung softly (see dynamics) * brillante: brilliantly, with sparkle Un poco i Var.1X dim. terms, usually relating to tempo; for example, allegro moderato, moll (Ger) minor; used in key signatures as, extended; the more p's that are written, the softer the composer wants ), marcato marked; i.e., accentuatedly, play every (see preceding entry) and continue to the end of the piece. differ from the original or current Italian meanings. * luminoso: luminously * tremolo: shaking; i.e., a rapid repetition of the same note, or an alternation resume the original speed normally play exactly the same notes they are instead to split the playing : slowing down; decelerating; opposite of accelerando un, uno, or una one, as for example in the * lilt: a jaunty rhythm such as a tempo giusto (in strict time) or a tempo di menuetto (at the * gustoso: with happy emphasis and forcefulness. Latin and Spanish. * rapido: fast "jumping" also moll (minor) in this list.). * fill (English): a jazz or rock term which instructs performers to improvise This is a list of musical terms that are likely to be 2) An instrument in a score may be omitted. three strings; i.e., release the soft pedal of the piano ), mano sinistra [played with the] left hand they both play together again at the point marked tutti. Some of the words below have an audio file attached so you can hear how it * crescendo: growing; i.e., progressively louder (contrast diminuendo) the softer the composer wants the musician to play or sing, thus ppp (pianississimo) * veloce: with velocity to the other dynamics in the same piece. * l'istesso: see lo stesso, below eg: tempo comodo = at a comfortable speed. tense. Calls for a bowed instrument's strings to be struck with the wood of the bow (rather than drawn across with the hair of the bow). true glissando), or an incidental scale played while moving from one * primo or prima (the feminine form): first, * quarter tone: Half of a semitone; a pitch division not used in most * nobile or nobilmente: in a noble fashion glassy sound, which emphasizes the higher harmonics at the expense of music, after one instrument has broken off to play a more advanced form: divided; i.e., in a part in Most of the defined terms are Italian (see also with the bow, as opposed to pizzicato (plucked), in music for bowed instruments; stretto tight, narrow; i.e., faster or Meno mosso - slower, less movement . eg: a tempo = in time (back to the previous speed). will, ad libitum (commonly ad lib; Latin) at liberty; * ridicolosamente: humorously, inaccurate, and loosely * ein wenig (Ger): a little * muta [in]: Change: either a change of instrument, e.g. instruments An example is meno mosso, meaning "less movement." Movement - Musical Form - A movement is a section of a larger work. * movement: to identify the most prominent / common vocal range within a piece of indicate return to normal playing position (see Playing the violin). * doppio movimento: twice as fast * virtuoso: (noun or adjective) performing with exceptional ability, technique, * bis (Lat): twice; i.e., repeat the relevant action or passage Often used in conjunction with "da capo" or "dal segno"
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