Plasmas are used in many everyday objects such as fluorescent lights, but some of the physics of plasmas are still not entirely understood. Like this page and invite your friends on Facebook. Some believe that we may not be far from getting containment times measured in Milliseconds ($ms$). and our your projectile now has a worse length-to-width ratio, which makes it less effective at penetrating the target's defences. The strength of the magnetic field is limited by a bunch of inconvenient things. I think this technology could be useful potentially as a point defense system on space stations. Presumably the induction magnets would be the entire length of the barrel, so it can accelerate for longer. In coaxial plasma railguns, the electrodes are concentric. You should add citations for some of the claims being made. It may not display this or other websites correctly. Can I use my Coinbase address to receive bitcoin? A 100m railgun might not, in fact, be 10 times faster than a 10m railgun, if it wanted to stay in one piece after firing. Non-superconducting projectiles will be subject to more heating!). The plasma railgun is a linear accelerator and plasma energy weapon which like a projectile railgun uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a sliding short armature. And everybody likes the alluring neon lights which enliven nights and hide the stars. Can my creature spell be countered if I cast a split second spell after it? And yes, the magnetic properties of metals tend to go to pot once they melt. Currently, only the 36-acre Warwick parcel is accessible which offers 1.5 miles of trails for enjoying the wildflowers and birds. But the OP specifically asked for "plasma contained in bullets". Kinda important factors You might want to research fusion reactors. Magneto-inertial fusion seeks to implode a magnetized D-T fusion target using a spherically-symmetric, collapsing, conducting liner. All takedown requests will be promptly acknowledged and investigated. They are of value because they produce muzzle velocities of up to several hundreds of kilometers per second. I'm interested to know what is the maximum realistic muzzle velocity of a coilgun with a 100m barrel length. They do still have scaling issues: you have to turn off a coil the instant the projectile is in the middle, and it is hard to simply vanish the field of a very powerful magnet! Glass, perhaps jacketed in something more durable like ceramic, could contain the plasma apparatus. Honestly I find it hard to envision how a weaponized, long range railgun would make a 'torus' (that seems more a thing to do with coilgun style propulsion - some modesl literally do involve configurations to accelerate/propel ring shaped projectiles.) Plasma railguns are being evaluated as a possible method of implosion linear formation for fusion. Peak line-integrated electron number densities of approximately 8 10. In either design, a plasma armature is formed at the breech. A sabot round arrangement (or just crushing the plate into a pellet) will allow you to concentrate much of this energy in a penetrator. To produce plasma-cutter-like effects on armored vehicles, which I assume is the goal, is slightly different, as the plasma in the above bullet won't last very long after the bullet impacts and the power source is (presumably) destroyed. Louise attended college, married and moved away. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. The USAF has already developed a plasma weapon that meets all but two of your requirements; but, it also bypasses their necessity. The intended use of this weapon is to have at least enough power to, can hold plasma under higher pressures. What is the symbol (which looks similar to an equals sign) called? If we have a 200g projectile with the specific heat capacity of steel (500J/KgK) and the melting point of steel (say, 1800K) we can see that the projectile's temperature will raise by 1K for every 100J of wasted energy. Plasma railguns are being evaluated as a possible method of implosion linear formation for fusion. Similar principles apply for plasma railguns. How are engines numbered on Starship and Super Heavy? Where does the version of Hamapil that is different from the Gemara come from? I'm not sure if this would be able to disable a tank with a single shot, but it is scalable assuming you have this kind of super-capacitive tech. Plasma is good against EVERYTHING - Hull AND shield - with big damage (with few exception), but since the travel time is slow, effective range is poor. How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? If you continue to use this site, you consent to use all cookies. Your browser has JavaScript disabled. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. If the shooting stars and the stuff hits the fan, Uncle Sam might pull the Marauder out of mothballs. Charitable Solicitation Disclosures Please enter a valid email address (formatted as name@company.com). The bolts would also send out heat, potentially superheated metal shards, and an electromagnetic pulse that would scramble unshielded electronics. Registration ends May 5, 2023 at 9:00pm EDT, https://www.whatismybrowser.com/guides/how-to-enable-cookies/auto. A plasma railgun is a linear accelerator which, like a projectile railgun, uses two long parallel electrodes to accelerate a "sliding short" armature. In the case of MAURAUDER, the stability time was about $1 {\mu} s$. The railgun is mounted on a KF-40 vacuum port and operated using a 90 kA, 11 kV LC pulse forming network. With a 10 meter barrel, we get about 2500 meters per second. Would this system work better in space? However, it is rumored to be a coil gun, not a rail gun. This website uses cookies to enhance your experience and analyze performance and traffic on our website. @apaul34208 It depends on how the bullet is constructed and how "super" your supercapacitor is. In a plasma railgun, a short pulse of current is passed through a plasma located between two parallel electrodes, or "rails". Linear plasma railguns place extreme demands on their insulators, as they must be an electrically insulating, plasma-facing vacuum component which can withstand both thermal and acoustic shocks. in 2017, but as a possible energy storage mechanism, not much different from a plasma-armature, Real-Life Plasma Rounds With Surprising Penetration in a Pill Sized Package! Wouldn't this approach only create plasma for a tiny fraction of a second? You may experience issues registering or using other parts of the website. Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? Maybe the same function might be achieved some other way. Session ID: 2023-04-28:2c6aaeebb2aaad3ad105949e Player Element ID: vjs_video_3. To get the 1.2GJ we want for our 100km/s super-coilgun, we'd need the projectile to sweep out ~0.074m3, which for a 20mm projectile works out as a barrel that's 236m long. | Login to Download Certificate There were some errors in the barrel length calculation for the earlier draft of this answer, which have since been corrected. Other alkaline-loving plants found here include maidenhair spleenwort, spring beauty, and Dutchmans breeches. This thesis discusses the design and characterization of a small coaxial plasma railgun intended to accelerate argon-helium plasma jets. Railguns, sometimes called mass drivers, are kinetic energy weapons used extensively in the After Calamity Era. You'd have to get it to impact and either lightly penetrate or adhere to the surface to sustain the arc for any appreciable length of time, yes. The trails are rugged and moderately steep, ascending from 480 feet of elevation to 900 feet in just the first third of a mile. So a 100 meter barrel would have a speed of about 7900 meters per second. In 1993, the Air Force Research Laboratory finally published an experiment in high-velocity plasma projectile weapons. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. You could work out the require currents for a given size of superconductor, limited by the material's critical current, but lets instead go for 200 Tesla. Click the Accept Cookie Policy button below to accept the use of cookies on your browser. In 1993, the Air Force Research Laboratory finally published an experiment in high-velocity plasma projectile weapons. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. What were the most popular text editors for MS-DOS in the 1980s? It revolved around firing electromagnetically contained plasma out of a railgun encased in a toroidal (donut shaped) container. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. eject plasma at extremely high speeds (some plasma railguns are designed to fire projectiles, but testing has shown that solid armatures are more effective due to lower electrical resistances found in metals [4]). This answer (given technological development to improve power efficiency) meets all but two of your requirementsbut (potentially) bypasses their necessity. -, magnetic fields to shield the interior of a gun barrels, AN ANALYTIC MODEL FOR THE COMPRESSION OF PLASMA TOROIDS. Thick Dual layered angled armor outter hull is the first basic level defense. However, the, Very nice first post Ben M. We invite you to take our. A YouTuber by the name of NSA_Listbot has created a railgun that shoots plasma rounds and they were strong enough to fully penetrate a cantaloupe. A round for standard infantry against nano-machined ceramics. The plasma is confined between the bullet and the magnetic field pushing on it. Lets imagine your projectile now has a SHC of more like 1kJ/KgK, and a melting point of 3000K. Take CERN, for instance. As plasma railguns are an open area of research, the method of armature formation varies. I'm pretty sure the plasma was preheated and injected into the railgun. Yeah, I never understood how you're supposed to get the plasma to stay plasma once you fire it. Essentially its a still classified US military project aiming to develop a railgun capable of firing 0.5-2.0 mg toroids of plasma at up to 3% light speed. At these magnetic field strengths (100T is currently achievable on the relevant timescale), you can exert enough force to crush most solid objects. Parking space for three to four vehicles is available,just South of a small white-railed bridge. Allow that bolt of plasma to break out, and you have a really potent weapon. Railgun has a charge time, but the projectile is very fast, so it's good for sniping. Naturally, in science fiction it would be very easy to explain that scientists discovered a more stable Toroidial configuration that lastswellhowever long you need it to last for the sake of the story. Your question/message has been sent to the race director. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Does it have to specifically contain plasma? The railgun has less ammo, but a little higher damage and (correct me if I'm wrong) it's better to shoot out subsystems. In a plasma railgun, a short pulse of current is passed through a plasma located between two parallel electrodes, or "rails". The plasma is accelerated until it leaves the muzzle of the railgun. Could a subterranean river or aquifer generate enough continuous momentum to power a waterwheel for the purpose of producing electricity? Heat the projectile enough, and you have a diffuse and ever-expanding cloud of metal vapor, which is much less useful as an offensive weapon. Is there such a thing as "right to be heard" by the authorities? Is it possible for a spheromak to maintain itself at high speeds under atmospheric conditions? Rank amateurs. All proceeds help support the Westmoreland PTA and their great programming for the students and teachers of Westmoreland! Railguns don't scale very well, due to the problem of the armature plasma cooking the rails. That said, this would require a much bigger power source, that would sustain for a longer acceleration. A plasma-projectile shooting railgun is basically an armature that converts to plasma ('transitioning' armatures are also a thing and have been considered as a bridge between plasma armatures and solid/hybrid armature railguns, in fact) which is what Wikipedia describes (although the velocities are an order of magnitude less than what Shiva The resulting projectile moved at $3,000 km/s$ and struck its target with a $\approx 5$ lb TNT explosion ($5 \times 10^{-7} kT = 2.092MJ$) ---and a potent, short-range electromagnetic pulse. It will just ablate a thin layer of it. Because even with those insane speeds, their 'Plasma Bolt' didn't live long enough to achieve a useful range ($3,000 km/s \times 1 \mu s = 3m$). The concept of the railgun, a technology that could utilize a large circuit to launch a projectile far further than one launched via the use of a chemical reaction, was developed by Andre Louis Octave Fauchon-Villeplee. We may have detected a typo. Plasma is to be found in all gas discharge lamps while in operation; it's not magical, it is an ordinary state of matter. [1] While most of New Hampshire tends to have acidic soils, the calcium-rich bedrock in Westmoreland has resulted in rich, alkaline soils that provide habitat for a diversity of plant life that is uncommon in the state. Railguns give you much more oomph for the same length barrel, but unfortunately shooting them causes damage to the rails as a result of the super-hot plasma arc that forms behind the projectile. Jet velocity and density are characterized by analyzing diagnostic data collected from a Rogowski coil, interferometer, and photodiode. @RossPresser You want a compact, high velocity projectile to deliver a kinetic energy strike on a small spot. Depends on your skill/preference. It revolved around firing electromagnetically contained plasma out of a railgun encased in a toroidal (donut shaped) container. Want to develop practical skills on Mechanical? Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. projectiles up to 125 miles at 7.5 times the speed of sound, is In a plasma railgun, a voltage is applied so that current can flow through the flat rail electrodes. Online Courses for Kids Plasma is a gaseous state of matter which is electrically conductive and interacts with electric and magnetic fields. Railguns are just high velocity rounds so standard plus extra defenses will work. MARAUDER ( Magnetically Accelerated Ring to Achieve Ultra-high Directed Energy and Radiation) is, or was, a United States Air Force Research Laboratory project concerning the development of a coaxial plasma railgun. Additionally, a complex triple joint seal may exist at the breech of the bore, which can often pose an extreme engineering challenge. What's the intended of use of the few milligrams of plasma confined within the bullet? | About Us Get started today! Or can it simply generate plasma on discharge? One way to do this would be by using superconducting coils and heat them to drop the superconductivity (sometimes known as a quench gun) but that'll turn the field energy into heat, and lots of it. Hand Held Coil Gun cannon - Enough to rip a giant robot limbs into pieces, Reimagined Weaponry: The Illidari Warglaives. An asynchronous coilgun relies on the projectile having a certain bunch of properties (you need to induce a current in it, to provide a magnet field for the main gun coils to push against), and a coilgun with superconducting projectiles needs the projectiles to remain superconducting, and so they have to stay below their critical temperature, etc. rev2023.5.1.43405. You can assume that any figures this gives are over-optimistic, but it isn't a bad upper-bound for coilgun performance. You can learn from experts, build working projects, showcase skills to the world and grab the best jobs. On impact, the electrode is pushed back into the power supply and the carrier gas is released through the nozzle created on impact. It's a big ship destroyer. Linear railguns consist of two flat plate electrodes separated by insulating spacers and accelerate sheet armatures. You are using an out of date browser. your coils are now bigger, and higher power, and need more current to reach the same strength. Ultimately, the limit is going to be keeping the bullet solid as you push on it. Generating points along line with specifying the origin of point generation in QGIS. The parcel was so important to the family that they permanently protected it by donating it to The Nature Conservancy in 1964. This was the project's biggest issue. We don't know if it ever went anywhere. Designing plasma weapons that cannot pierce armour. It seems like a really cool concept. A visit to the preserve in late spring or early summer will reveal some of these plants as well as neo-tropical migrant birds, including warbler and thrush species, and scarlet tanagers. The railgun will be used for the study of plasma shocks in jet collisions. Please wait while we submit your question/message. The problem is that everything is classified so we have no way to know if it is to hide a viable weapon or to keep the enemy guessing and thus spending money to find a way to counter it or create their own. Accelerator electrode geometry and materials are also open areas of research. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. The power requirement appears to be immense. Plasma railguns are categorized in two principle topologies, linear and coaxial where linear railguns consist of two flat plate electrodes separated by insulating spacers and accelerate sheet armatures and coaxial railguns accelerate toroidal plasma armatures using a hollow outer conductor and a central, concentric, inner conductor. It is hoped that the work at the University of Texas described in these papers . is capable of surviving speeds and acceleration up to 2 km/s. You might be able to hold it magnetically in the gun, but the instant it leaves the barrel you've now got rapidly cooling nothing. Of course, you could do much better than a puny 400km/s with a laser-pushed ablator because you can maintain the acceleration till you hit the target. That last issue was the real sticking point. The U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory must have made some significant progress in a short time, because computer simulations started in 1991, an experiment was conducted in 1993, and the whole thing was classified not long after. Skyfi Labs helps students learn practical skills by building real-world projects. Get text updates from The Nature Conservancy: Purple Trillium at the Warwick Preserve in Westmoreland, New Hampshire, [{"countryCode":"hkg","countryName":"Hong Kong"},{"countryCode":"ury","countryName":"Uruguay"},{"countryCode":"gab","countryName":"Gabon"},{"countryCode":"ken","countryName":"Kenya"},{"countryCode":"nam","countryName":"Namibia"},{"countryCode":"syc","countryName":"Seychelles"},{"countryCode":"zaf","countryName":"South Africa"},{"countryCode":"tza","countryName":"Tanzania"},{"countryCode":"zmb","countryName":"Zambia"},{"countryCode":"aus","countryName":"Australia"},{"countryCode":"chn","countryName":"China"},{"countryCode":"hkg","countryName":"HongKong"},{"countryCode":"ind","countryName":"India"},{"countryCode":"idn","countryName":"Indoneasia"},{"countryCode":"mng","countryName":"Mongolia"},{"countryCode":"mmr","countryName":"Myanmar"},{"countryCode":"nzl","countryName":"New 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PS: I'd wager my whole tail that MARAUDER is an offshoot of the RACE torus experiments in late 80s. After graduating from Boston University in 1904, Dr. Warwick and her first husband, Dr. Coles, operated a TB sanitarium in West Keene. The experiment published in 1993 required the use of Kirtland Air Force Bases Shiva Star capacitor bank. The system shown on our data is a relatively low velocity device within the building capability of most hobbyists. Privacy Statement Open in Maps, Explore our work in Its the same lab used to produce energy enough for the SDI initiative (also known as Star Wars missile defense). Controlled jets from plasma rail guns can have peak densities in the 1013 to 1016 particles/m3 range, and velocities from 5 to 200 km/s, depending on device design configuration and operating parameters, and the upper limits may be higher. Why is it shorter than a normal address? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. How could you make a cat's tail prehensile enough to use weapons? This page is not available in other languages. For a rough idea, you can use Luke Campbell's approximation for coilgun performance, which basically imagines the gun as a tube of energy in the form of the magnetic field, which is swept out by a projectile that turns it into kinetic energy. Sogive us a quarter of your tail then?
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