[citation needed] Some plant classification systems such as Cronquist[12] have included a wide range of other genera in the same family as Xanthorrhoea. Find more tips on identifying and controlling crown rot here. Wed love to hear about your experience with this plant, so tell us in the comments below! Fraser AvenueKings Park WA 6005Entry is free, open dailyPhone: (+61 8) 9480 3600Email: enquiries@bgpa.wa.gov.au, Perry Lakes DriveCity Beach WA 6015 Entry is free, open dailyPhone: (+61 8) 9480 3990Email: bold.park@bgpa.wa.gov.au. All Rights Reserved. [22] It is also soaked in water and the nectar from the flowers gives a sweet-tasting drink. Bushfires will burn the foliage and blacken the stump, but then it regrows. COPYRIGHT 2023 ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. The rich history of X. glauca and its unique form makes it a perfect garden specimen. There are about 100 species in the genus, and the majority of these are known commonly as forget-me-not or scorpion grass. They also use the nectar from the flower to make a sweet drink. They just grow more flowers in response to fire! Grasstrees show fire history. Smith named it in 1798,[7] from xanthos (yellow, golden) and rha (flowing, flow). All grass trees or Xanthorrhoea species are a slow growing plant and are usually very hardy and long lived. Cinnamon Fungus. Heres a little secret from the experts adding brown sugar and water solution to the soil feeds the fungi in the soil which helps the root system access nutrients. Visitors will be able to hire and ride e-scooters within Kings Park as part of City of Perths E-scooter Share Scheme from Saturday 25 March 2023. If it looks like the soil is drying out, you can spray with water. Wrigley, J.W. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Brisbane. T@v|:)$&P`rNqj1x.?QM The entire 66 species of grass tree are only found in Australia. Check out Bonides Liquid Copper Fungicide, available at Arbico Organics, as a possible treatment option. We occasionally link to goods offered by vendors to help the reader find relevant products. Grass Tree Xanthorrhoea | Australian Native Guide - AGT . Add a liquid seaweed fertiliser for a few months after youve planted it. It was even used as a coating on metal surfaces and telephone poles, and used in the production of wine, soap, perfume and gramophone records. The Western Australian Botanic Garden in Kings Park is a dynamic, living research centre committed to the conservation of Western Australia's flora. If you see white fuzzy spots appearing on the leaves, remove individual leaves before it spreads, or get rid of the entire plant if it is severely infected. After the initial establishment phase, the rate of growth varies widely from species to species. Uncredited photos: Shutterstock. Easy to grow, and able to reseed itself year after year, the unusual bright blue flowers are an eye-catching delight. Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority - Transplanting trees The grass tree Xanthorrhoea is a uniquely Australian plant, which epitomises the Australian landscape and is as tough as goats' knees. 1 0 obj Try to time this project so that you have a 2-3 week minimum window of nonfreezing temperatures after the transplant. This is now a protected species in Australia and the established trees produce flowers up to 3 times a year. You should also remove the parts of the tree that are visibly affected by the disease. In terms of pH, mildly acidic, neutral and mildly alkaline all work. The slow growth rate means that it can take 30 years to achieve a specimen with a significant trunk. Native to West Australia and called the Western Blackboy. Forget-me-nots look fabulous and do well planted on slopes and banks as a ground cover, and they are just as happy in the garden as they are growing in a container on the patio. Current research indicates an extract from one subspecies can be used as a cheap, environmentally-friendly agent to synthesise silver nanoparticles that are useful for their antibacterial properties. believe that the plant, with its bush fire blackened trunk and long flower spike resembled an Aboriginal boy wielding a spear. It grows in woodlands, forests, and rocky places. Well look at a few of the most popular ones below: Native to South Australia and called the Australian grass tree. It can reach a height of up to 5 metres and has a flower over a metre big. Additionally, AussieGreenThumb.com participates in various other affiliate programs, and we sometimes get a commission through purchases made through our links. It is a beautiful rock garden plant and can be an excellent alternative if the other two species described above are considered invasive in your area. Forget-me-not isnt a picky plant and it will thrive in Zones 3-8. As a guideline, twice a week is plenty in the dry summer. Trim off the leaves if you have not already done so, to reduce water loss. First, this is illegal. stream This species is commonly known as Cundeelee Blackboy and native to central Australia. Xanthorrhoea semiplana is a species of grass tree found in south-eastern Australia. Heres when to plant fruit trees in Australia by season. Water regularly for the first 12 months until the plant becomes drought tolerant. Spencer, R. 2003. According to the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, as of September2014[update] the following species are accepted:[1], Grasstrees grow in coastal heaths, and wet and dry forests of Australia. cL.%BB,0i'%lAl_nZ@Z=Ws]FRI>. How to Prepare Bleeding Hearts for Winter. Sign up to Beating Around the Bush, a series that profiles native plants: part gardening column, part dispatches from country, entirely Australian. This disease is spread via tools and splashing water, and there is little you can do once crown rot has taken hold, other than to remove and dispose of the entire plant to try to prevent further spread to neighboring plants. Most Xanthorrhoea sold in nurseries are established plants taken from bushland. Youre looking at about 4 to 6 weeks for germination to happen. Xanthorrhoea macronema There are a number of other species occurring in Australia (see the Australian Plant Name Index). Aussie Green Thumb is brought to you by a panel of Australian gardening experts sharing their gardening knowledge and experience with our community. Environmental Protection Agency, Queensland. Imagine a border of blue encircling or underplanting a bed of tulips, roses, or shrubs, or an entire bed of forget-me-nots dazzling the bees, butterflies, and humans that visit. They are drought and frost tolerant. Seedlings will appear in the fall and plants will bloom the following spring. Caused by soilborne Sclerotium delphinii fungi and becoming an issue in damp conditions or in heavy soils, crown rot affects the lower portion of the stem near and in the soil. The Xanthorrhoea Glauca variety is the only Grass Tree with the much sought after thick, blue-grey foliage which makes it a standout amongst all Grass Trees. Youll recognize crown rot as a brown rot at the soil line, creeping slowly upwards. The flowers themselves could be soaked in water to dissolve the nectar, making a sweet drink that could be fermented to create a lightly alcoholic beverage. Try and make sure your cut is as even as possible. However, it's not necessary to light a fire in your garden to get beautiful results from grass tree. Xanthorrhoea thorntonii The Cundeelee Blackboy . The stem is underground, with leaves up to 2 metres long and cream coloured flowers. Grass trees certainly make an interesting conversation plant! 4. Resin can easily be collected from around the trunk of plants, but early settlers used more destructive methods, removing whole plants on an industrial scale. Despite being relatively hardy, grass trees do not like being moved once large or established, so translocation of plants is not advised. x=koG ?"3!6Yo6bcI[zYAE7Y?>_=-M[wG7MShi_G+Tm? The seeds will germinate within 14 to 21 days. One way to help keep these microbes healthy after replanting is to water the soil using a cup of brown sugar dissolved in a bucket of water once a month for the first two years. If youre wondering about the name, grass tree seems apt when you see the grassy leaves that stick out from the base of the tree. Water generously, allowing water to settle any air pockets in the soil. If youre waiting for a grass tree to flower, you might be in for a bit of a wait. GARDENER'S PATH IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. Flower spikes are often produced after fires, when the plant's growth is stimulated by the ash on the ground.Fire burns out the old foliage from the base of the plant but you can mimic that by having a small, cool fire in winter (if it's safe) or watering with smoke-infused water to stimulate flower production. Birds will come and eat the seeds and flowers, making it the perfect invitation for wildlife. Dig a hole slightly larger than the size of the root ball or pot, loosen the soil in the bottom of the hole, insert the root ball, and backfill. endobj Then get a large pot and replant it in there in that soil (Big plastic pot). Xanthorrhoea translates to yellow flow, the genus named in reference to the ample resin produced at the bases of their leaves. Native to eastern Australia and can reach up to 5 metres in height with various branches. It grows incredibly slowly two centimetres a year! Myositis plants are relatively easy to propagate, whether via seed or by division. This is a stunning and hardy plant that has a place in any Australian garden, although the slow growth rate has hindered interest in the past this plant gives the gardener satisfaction for decades. However, the plant will be fine either way. The leaves of Xanthorrhoea are tough, but they lack prickles or spines to deter passing herbivores. Grass trees are particularly sensitive to Phytophthora cinnamomi, a widespread plant pathogen that is difficult to detect and control, and kills plants by restricting movement of water and nutrients through the vascular tissue. From DIY weekenders, to full building and landscaping projects, we have you covered. 625 subscribers The environmental management of the Enlarged Cotter Dam has included the preservation of the unique Xanthorrhoea trees, some of which are hundreds of years old. Want to know when the last fire was in that area? Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Grass trees dont shed their old leaves. Myosotis sylvatica, also called woodland forget-me-not, is a biennial native to Europe and parts of South Asia including Bhutan, India and Nepal. [10] The Aboriginal people called the plants Balga because after a bush fire had ravaged the land, the blackened trunk of the Xanthorrhoea would be revealed beneath the burned lower leaves, and would resemble a child like black figure. It has two subspecies: Xanthorrhoea semiplana ssp. Do not push on the top of the plant as you may snap it off. [3][4], Flowers are borne on a long spike above a bare section called a scape; the total length can be over three four metres long in some species. The stem may take up to twenty years to emerge. Xanthorrhoea For example, in Xanthorrhoea australis, phosphite treatment enhanced the plant defence response to Pc infection, preventing Pc hyphae from reaching vascular tissue (Daniel et al., 2005). How to Grow and Care for Early-Blooming Alpine Aster, How to Grow and Care for Early-Blooming Alpine Aster, .slick-slider#wpsp-83657 {margin-left: 0px; }.slick-slider#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-inner {margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; }#wpsp-83657.wpsp-card .wp-show-posts-single {margin-bottom: 2em; }.slick-slider#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-single {margin-bottom: 0px; }#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-inner {background-color: #ffffff; }#wpsp-83657.wp-show-posts .wp-show-posts-entry-title {font-size: .9em; }.wp-show-posts-columns#wpsp-83657 {margin-left: -2em; }.wp-show-posts-columns#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-inner {margin: 0 0 2em 2em; } Acoroides Sol. We would like to hear from you through the visitor survey currently being conducted on the ground in Bold Park. And to learn more about growing flowers in your garden, check out these guides next: Ask the Experts, LLC. Xanthorrhoea johnsonii - PLANTS RESCUE Grass Trees or Xanthorrhoea species for sale. Prevent this disease from infecting your plants in the first place by planting in well draining soil, only watering when necessary, and making sure the soil surface isnt touching or piled up against the plant stem. Once the tree is established, it doesnt need as much water. Anything thats brown has to go. The nursery industry has been slow to embrace the cultivation potential of this plant due to its slow growth rate. Plants infected by Puccinia are also often stunted. Read about our Christmas Trading Hours here. From: Forest Ecology and Management, 2018 View all Topics Add to Mendeley About this page Volume 3 With additional writing and editing by Allison Sidhu. The shallow root system is somewhat susceptible to disturbance and disease so they need special care and conditions when transplanted. Sign up to the Beating Around the Bush newsletter here, and suggest a plant we should cover at batb@theconversation.edu.au. Grass trees provide food for birds, insects, and mammals, which feast on the nectar, pollen, and seeds. Want the lush look without the green thumb? Death by Black Walnut: The Facts on Juglone Toxicity, Death by Black Walnut: The Facts on Juglone Toxicity. The grass tree is a slow-growing native plant identifiable by its iconic foliage, which forms a skirt around the centre of the plant. It will need lots of water after replanting for at least 2 years. Have a look at our article about 5 garden soil problems and solutions to help you out. The grass tree is important to Aboriginal people across Australia. Marges, D. 2010. Or, if you cant decide which color to choose, try pink, blue, and white all together in a mixed collection thats available in a small packet or in bulk at Eden Brothers. Xanthorrhoea Australis [PDF]. Volunteers may be transplanted to other places in the garden as well. semiplana - Tufted grass tree, found on the Eyre, Yorke and Fleurieu Peninsulas, south-eastern South Australia and probably central-western Victoria; Xanthorrhoea has a long and interesting history, starting with the Aboriginal people who found it incredibly useful, and is now in some parts a protected species. Introduction to Dasylirions (Sotols) - Dave's Garden Yes absolutely. The Common Grass-tree (Xanthorrhoea preissii) grows in a wide range of soils, varying from deep free-draining sands to fairly heavy gravelly soils, and in full sun or in broken sunlight such as in Jarrah forest. This valuable and versatile resin was an important item of trade. M. sylvatica sets seed in the heat of the summer and will self seed readily, which means they will persist for years in your garden if you dont deadhead after they bloom. Xanthorrhoea australis - Common Grass Tree Frost tolerant, able to cope with poor soils, grows well in full sun to part shade and requiring little fertilizer and water once established. When placing out into the garden best results are achieved by planting on top of a mound. Lets start the story from when a grass tree begins as a seed. Xanthorrhoea comes from the Greek xanthos, which means 'to flow' and refers to the yellow gum or resin that flows from the stem. Check out our section about propagating from seeds, as well as the frequently asked questions. You can let the seed grow until you notice it starts touching the container covering. This is is a commitment that takes time but can be very rewarding! The versatile resin had been used in everything from medicine to gramophones. [14], A genus endemic to Australia, occurring in all national states and territories. Dasylirion longissimum leaf bases 'quadrangular' shape of leaves typical necrotic (dried out) leaf tips. Native to Queensland and NSW, has no trunk and has long cream-colored flowers. And in this video I sow them in the soil, hope they will germinate. The Balga grasstree, Xanthorrhoea johnsonii. [16], They need fire to clear away dead leaves and promote flowering, as these slow-growing trees were among the first flowering plants to evolve. Heres another important tip the actual trunk of the tree and the leaves need to remain dry. They certainly catch your eye in any landscape. The ability of grass trees to resprout after fire and quickly produce flowers makes them a vital life-line for fauna living in recently-burnt landscapes. [20], Commonly grown species for the garden include Xanthorrhoea australis, X. malacophylla and X. Plant in full sun or partial shade. Create the garden of your dreams with our range of garden decor products. As the old leaves accumulate, they form a thick bushy skirt around the trunk. Water generously, allowing water to settle any air pockets in the soil. [6], A reference to its yellow resin,[2] Xanthorrhoea literally means "yellow flow" in Ancient Greek. This name comes from the trunk that turns black from all the bushfires in the area. The resin was exported worldwide; during 1928-29, exported resin was valued at over 25,000 (equivalent to A$2 million today!). Water potted plants well before transplanting. Forget-Me-Not Days, June 5 and 6, are set aside in New Zealand for Alzheimers disease awareness and fundraising. This species is native to Arizona and northern Mexico. Just in case you need another classic, sky-mirroring forget-me-not cultivar, Victoria Blue features petite, dazzling flowers on a compact plant. When Sylvia travels, on mountain or steppe, she harvests knowledge, experiences, and honey, goes starry-eyed over each tiny plant, and writes about it all. Plants with big leaves will add a bold and tropical Do you plan on planting beetroots in your garden? By growing from seed other issues involving the current restrictions on transplanting are avoided. It can take over 20 years for Xanthorrhoea to grow a trunk, and it takes years for them to reach full size. Full sun to part shade Water well after planting, requires little water once established The transplant and transportation of the Giant Boab from the Kimberley region into the Western Australian Botanic Garden was one of the Authority's great success stories. In . Native to West Australia and is poisonous to cattle who eat the leaves. endobj Xanthorrhoea glauca - Growing Native Plants When they do flower it can be spectacular, producing a spike and scape up to four metres long advertising hundreds of nectar-rich, creamy-white flowers to all manner of fauna. 3 0 obj The Northern Grasstree, Xanthorrhoea gracilis The slender grass tree, Xanthorrhoea quadrangulata. How to Transplant Chrysanthemums | Home Guides | SF Gate Grass-trees, like all native flora in Western Australia, are protected by law, and can only be removed from private property if complying with clearing laws and with the landowners permission. However, there is a very low survival rate for nursery-purchased plants (mainly due to over watering), which may take several years to die. This outdoor early learning program for ages 3 - 5 years aims to inspire childrens empathy, curiosity and connection to nature. How to transplant xanthorrhoea? - sempoa.jodymaroni.com ds~(a(;K:)`K$8"K:%8dQiH7"hZmQglCly:n@j6ufQ3I5`@z$Vfy nMA NO\'$y-6LX4Ovnq_/GT9uRInUR+R`A &%,)BmY8w=j:6U-,?N'v,s7a*?%S8VT7qy]O~G~Cge[,B;i Xz/Z^Ms{9Z|m3@\};mvzi[b]o[sOnTpKK7jpqn^ g_Jn bm!Sh(GQtM#nnBP:9e.}83|0@`!F|-,ZW t$s\C2#|#s'P2. It is a slow-growing perennial shrub with thick . Xanthorrhoea started diversifying around 24-35 million years ago shortly after the Eocene/Oligocene mass extinctions so they have had quite some time to adapt to Australian conditions. Summer-planted chrysanthemums need to be pinched out in the weeks following transplanting to produce full plants and plenty of buds for fall bloom. And, thanks to the ill-fated knight who gave this plant its unforgettable name (allegedly! Kym Ormond The Farm Guy at Kitchen Farm Speaks To AGT About Their Exciting Project, Sprouting Jars How to Use and What Plants to Grow, 11 Best Laser Level Australian Reviews and Buyers Guide 2023, 10 Different Gate Latch Types (Buyers Guide), 3 Best Kitchen Compost Bin in Australia 2023, 11 Best Pressure Washers | Australian Buying Guide 2023, 9 Best Angle Grinders in Australia (2023 Reviews), Plants (Plant Profiles and Gardening Guides). Do you live somewhere that features these flowers as a symbol for a special day or occasion? Everything you need to get your next gardening project off the ground. Harden, G.J. If your plant is infested by aphids, its likely youll either notice the white skins the insects shed as they grow, or curled leaves, before you see the pests themselves. This is a type of mould that affects the root system of the tree and can cause it to rot. Most species are native to western Eurasia and New Zealand, while only ten species are found growing wild in North America, South America, Africa, New Guinea, and Australia. You might end up dealing with scale (a white insect). Copyright 2022 All Green Nursery & Garden. The interest of gardeners has been hindered by the reluctance of the nursery industry and the law regarding these plants. You can replant it with the same soil it was in and then give it a native fertiliser every 6 to . Xanthorrhoea are a very slow growing species, but it is also believed they can live up to 600 years. But because they self-seed readily, its easy to keep your flower patch going. Fertilize your plant once a month in the spring and summer, especially if the leaves are yellowing. How to Grow Grass Tree | Yates Australia Species are known by the name grass tree. These trees grow well in soil without much nutrients and wildfire is no threat to them. The dried flower stalk scape was also used to generate fire by the hand drill friction method. The best way is to grow from seed, but patience is required as growth can be slow. You can propagate this Australian native from seed at home. Compact and sporting lots of small pink flowers with white centers, Victoria Pink is an early spring bloomer. Reed New Holland Publishing, Bush-fires often induce prolific flowering, http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/register/p01593aa.pdf. & Fagg, M. 2003. Trim or tie back leaves before beginning as the sharp-edged foliage may damage your eyes. These hours are subject to change on public holidays, These hours are subject to change on public holidays. You need to water your tree well after planting. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation US, Inc. Fire burns the outside leaves but the centre survives. It may not be practical to light a fire in your garden, so another way to stimulate flower growth is to place a small stone on the top of the growing tip. The main stem or branches continue to develop beneath the crown, This is rough-surfaced, built from accumulated leaf-bases around the secondarily thickened trunk. Most grass trees have thick, woody, often palmlike stems that can reach about 5 metres (16 feet . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Remember not to let the soil dry out. The Grass Tree is low maintenance and is gaining popularity in the everyday garden. Xanthorrhoea(/znori/[2]) is a genusof about 30 species of flowering plantsendemic to Australia. Besides the ever-hungry aphid, Myosotis plants arent often affected by insects. [citation needed], The grass tree forms a mycorrhizal relationship with fungi deep in its root system, wherein fungi live in a mutually beneficial relationship with the grass tree roots. encourage development of better transplant and husbandry techniques to reduce death rates; 6. Planting Grass tree from seed (Xanthorrhoea) Black boy ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. It grows incredibly slowly two centimetres a year! (Click to enlarge). How do you get Xanthorrhoea to flower? Love forget-me-nots? Flower spikes often grow after the grass tree experiences stress, such as a bushfire. Xanthorrhoea are native Australian plants that punctuate various Australian landscapes. Sometimes its also called Kangaroo Tail. Many, but not all, species develop an above ground stem. Xanthorrhoea glauca The grass tree holds its thick, dead leaves around its stem which serves as insulation, and helps to protect the plant against the heat of the fire. It can reach a height of up to 5 metres and has a flower over a metre big. Xanthorrhoea - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics This practice is not only illegal but also risky as all Xanthorrhoea species are infamous for having sensitive roots. Station Creek Tree Farm have been legally salvaging these trees from land clearing operations for the . [2] Xanthorrhoea australis - The Grass Tree - | Nurseries Online Youre right, the blooms of M. sylvatica are typically varying shades of bright, true blue. Be sure to sterilise and thoroughly clean any tools that you were using for the pruning process. Invertebrates such as green carpenter bees build nests inside the hollowed out scapes of flowers. It will withstand drought. All Xanthorrhoea species have an amazing ability to survive a variety of different fire regimes as the living growth is buried within the old dead leaf bases. Various species of Pucciniafungi are pathogens that cause spots of rust-colored spores to appear on the leaves or stems. The trunk is sometimes unbranched, some species will branch if the growing point is damaged, and others naturally grow numerous branches. It can tolerate drought but will go dormant in the hottest part of the summer once seed has been set. Water the mixture, add the seeds to the soil layer, and then cover them with more soil. Pests and Diseases that May Affect the Grass Tree. We're devastated to announce up to 900 of WAs rarest orchids have been stolen from the Conservation Garden in Kings Park. Packets of seeds are handed out to be planted in honor of sufferers. This sky blue flowering plant has been a cherished garden favorite for centuries, with good reason. It just helps contain the spread and further damage to the tree. It produces lots of small white flowers. preissii. Although some species grow slowly (0.86 cm in height per year),but increase their rate of growth in response to season and rainfall. John Patykowski does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. Transplanting (2016). The potting mix you're moving it to in the wine barrel must firstly be very well drained. ), the forget-me-not remains a symbol of remembrance worldwide. You only need to dig a few centimetres away from the trunk to avoid damaging it. The most successful examples of transplanting have been where a substantial amount of soil, greater than one cubic metre, has been taken with the plants. There are many beautiful plants in the Boraginaceae family, and many are champions at attracting pollinators. The best thing you can do for your grass tree is to help the root system. Be gentle when taking it out of the container to protect the roots. The resin from Xanthorrhoea plants is used in spear-making[24] and is an invaluable adhesive for Aboriginal people, often used to patch up leaky coolamons (water containers) and even yidaki (didgeridoos). The first few months after planting are a critical time and daily watering should maintained for the first month before being slowly reduced. In 1921 in the US, a time when there were no programs in place to help returning soldiers, November 10 was designated as National Forget-Me-Not Day, and the flowers were sold to raise funds for injured veterans. The good news is that having your very own grass tree is quite a simple process and you can do this from seed. Divide surviving forget-me-nots every three to five years in the spring after flowering, or in the early fall. I prefer to move specimen plants in the dead of winter when they are completely dormant. First remove hose fittings from the end of the hose then turn on at high pressure. Growing native plants can be a wonderful way to contribute to the conservation of genetic diversity, and attract native fauna into your garden. Grass trees are common in many Australian states and are popular with the home gardener. Grass Tree - Gardening Australia - ABC Your grass tree will need full sun or part shade in order to grow and thrive. Species are known by the name grass tree. Blackboy or Grasstree | Xanthorrhoea glauca | Station Creek Tree Farm #grasstree #seeds #tropicalplants Hi there plant lovers, I have seeds of Grass tree or Black boy, Scientific name: Xanthorrhoea. 'Balga' is the Aboriginal word for black boy and for many years the plant was fondly known as a "Black Boy". Beetle larvae living within the flower spikes are a delicacy for cockatoos. The flowers can produce up to 10 000 seeds!
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