The molecular changes in wood composition have a result of dimensional stabilization, protection against rot and wither, and as a result, expanded use opportunities. A quick depressurization cycle then removes any excess from the wood before it is removed from the treatment cylinder. Has a better appearance than No.1 Dense Dimension Lumber because of additional restrictions on firm red heart, pith, knots and wane. Additionally, all cuts and drilled holes should be treated with preservatives to prevent damage to exposed untreated wood. The amount of moisture in the wood at the time of milling is noted. Decking materials such as 26 and 5/46 frequently are of better-looking #1 and #2 lumber. Trex gets awfully hot also and demands upkeep. 1s and Selects, to boot. At the end of the pressurized period, the solution is pumped out and stored for use on the next batch. SPIB is subject to continual review by IAS to ensure that the laboratory and agency records remain in compliance. The plant is required to keep very specific information for each charge treated in its records system. Suitable for stud uses including use in load-bearing walls. The solution protects the wood from rot, insects, fungus, mold, and mildew, and also turns the wood a brown tone. The result of having a unified rating means the end-tag on lumber identifies how well the wood will stand up in different conditions, regardless of the chemical cocktail its been exposed to. Before a given charge can actually go into the plants treated inventory to be ready for shipment, it must first be evaluated for penetration. Fax: (850) 434-1290. (@ 2=h/jO,,5rB G 5~7 ol}E|Cf6zg/I !^ endstream endobj 144 0 obj <>stream Longleaf, shortleaf, loblolly, and slash are some of the native southeastern pines that are classified as SYP. Ill suffer with pt. Unseasoned or green lumber has a moisture content of 19% or greater and subject to shrinkage and warping as it dries. MSR lumber is also required to meet certain visual grading requirements. Used for such purposes as studding, blocking, plates, bracing and rafters. www.strongtie.com/products/ptwoodfaqs.html, FAQ: Pressure-Treated Wood | Simpson Strong-Tie. Its appearance ranking requires it to be 75% free of knots or defects. I grabbed an exerpt here and there and put it all together, for I was on a lot of different sites and suppliers. The recommended type of treated wood for in-ground use is UC4B and UC4C; UC4B has a higher retention level than lower graded types, and UC4C has even more. Bruce, I found more info on the heat treated wood. While all species are graded at the same four levels of strength and appearance, they are not equally strong. These values are modified using procedures shown in "Calculating Apparent Reliability of Wood Scaffold Planks," as published by the Journal on Structural Safety, 2 (1984) 47-57, and updated in 1993. Recommended for general framing purposes. Selecting the correct type of treated wood for a project often depends on how and where it will be used. The size, location, and the number of knots and other defects, and the slope of the wood grain affect the structural strength of lumber. Framing lumber, unlike money, does grow on trees, so theres always the chance it will have some natural defect, such as a large knot or a long split, that can reduce its overall strength. 6^,fniSgdc24.L7` b. Maximum spans were calculated using design . H\n0l/$x\$-"-! The unique cellular structure of Southern Pine permits deep and uniform penetration of preservatives, rendering the wood useless as a food source for fungi, termites and micro-organisms. Working with pressure treated lumber is similar to working with untreated planks. the Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (SPIB) Standard Grading Rules for Southern Pine Lumber. It needs to be treated every 2 to 3 years (depending on the environment) to protect it from moisture damage. Design values only apply to utility lumber that is 4 wide. Protecting wood against rot and insects has been done for centuries. r SPIB is subject to continual review by IAS to ensure that the laboratory and agency records remain in compliance. The lumber has the structural strength it is graded with but has fewer blemishes or knots, so a better appearance. JavaScript is disabled. The treatment doesnt penetrate deeply into the wood due to the impermeable nature of the wood cells. Lumber that is KD (kiln-dried) or S-DRY (surface-dry) has a moisture content that is lower, between 16% and 19%. This website is presented by SFPA members, including: 2023 Southern Forest Products Association. The molecular changes in wood composition result in unique features: Utility grade is #3 grade lumber and has even fewer restrictions regarding knots and defects compared to other grades. Wood Packaging Material (WPM). Raised floor homes look great and protect homeowners against risks from flooding and subsiding soils. Another brand of heat treated wood that can be used for decking. I only use ground contact when the wood is actually touching the ground. A forum community dedicated to Do it yourself-ers and home improvement enthusiasts. Tom saves money by ordering S-GRN wood when framing a new house, figuring that all the wood will air dry at the same pace. However, enough gets into the wood to provide a shell of protection that cant be matched with a brush. H|TnT1}W1yi= hEN4Kg8 bvlbh%gCXcX]NDRnFiUH>.Sl6Vi\(f^j+d}IT#h3Si [j6sG1Pbh`sX9W.+|FdqvJY/nm Sd@{D WestWood Heat Treated Lumber Production Corporation is unique technology that uses heat treatment instead of chemicals for timber processing to significantly improve various characteristics of wood. Number 2 grade lumber often has more knots and blemishes than #1 grade but may be clear enough on one face to be deemed select or premium. Largest hole permitted is 1/16". The species and grade, however, affect the spacing between supports with #1 often rated for greater spans. two existing joists with this stamp are not dark in color like i think pressure treated wood should be I used to live to work. it's primarily 2x planks. The type identifies the amount of chemical retention which in turn determines how or where to best use the lumber. S;t HmM~[3`~Dl1Cj^x{}g.-GWlEu Yl[k4!42#>#13"J! 1pJ`w&Im0m/=BA!^/[xN XX=xEzGjB http://www.ecoprem.com/pdf/ecoprem_wood_technology_competitive_analysis.pdf. Walking into a lumberyard or store can be a daunting experience. #2 or #1 is the quality. Locations Products. An economical roof decking which conforms to No. By the end of the article, youll have a better understanding of what different pressure treatments mean, and how to select the grade and type for the use you intend. Pressure treated plywood is also available in thicknesses from 1/4 through 3/4. Reasonably clear, but permits limited number of surface checks and small tight knots. The lumber is inspected for knots, splits, and other defects that can weaken the woods structural strength. Good-quality sheathing, fencing, shelving and other general purpose uses. Lumber must be stamped for strength by a trained inspector and identified with a legitimate stamp. #1 will have less knots and is typically spec'd for joists and rafters. Similar in appearance to No.1 Dimension Lumber. 2 kd 19 ht 434 and spib ht 434 it looks like it's kiln dried and heat treated, but is it pressure treated to resist rot? It often links with the logo or symbol of the association that oversees the grading at that mill. Since 1960, lumber in North America has been graded at lumber mills by trained inspectors for structural strength and quality control. Ultimately, our program provides an economically sound and standardized method of treatment, evaluation, labeling and certification for producers, specifiers and end users of pressure treated wood products. Lumber is stamped after it is milled and prior to being pressure treated. It may have poor drainage and air circulation, or like a sill plate, is difficult to repair or maintain. The very basic quality control attributes to evaluate the level of treatment in lumber products is the determination of the depth of preservative penetration and the analysis of preservative retention in a specified, outer assay zone. The table below identifies the main differences. Recommended where high strength, stiffness and good appearance are desired. Superior product suitable for a wide range of uses including shelving, boxing, crating, and form lumber. It has a grain slope of 1 in 12, may have seasoning checks, and tight, well-spaced knots up to 2-1/4 on a 28. Ok, now that weve got that covered, lets go to the treating plant! ), how wood is used also comes down to whether or not it's pressure treated. Most of this new treated lumber looks untreated as compared to the old green stuff, I did learn that they add color to some of it to try and make it look more like treated. Tel: 843-236-9399. Pressure treated lumber has been infused with preservatives to prevent rot and insect damage. http://www.anthonyforest.com/pdfs/AWPA-Use-Category-System-U1-07.pdf. I did find a post about how the PT label might be cut off the end of a board and the stamp that is left shows HT or kiln dried HT. Ground contact level treatment (.15 pcf) has more than double the preservative of above ground level treated wood (.07 pcf) Lighter, more natural wood appearance for improved staining qualities. I do like to cover the tops of the joists and beams with ice and water shield. Tel: 251-457-6872. Today, pressure treated lumber for residential use is commonly pine, spruce, or fir that has been immersed in a water-based chemical bath of preservatives. Ultimately, our program provides an economically sound and standardized method of treatment, evaluation, labeling and certification for producers, specifiers and end users of pressure treated wood products. A final vacuum removes the excess preservative from the woods surface before the charge is removed from the cylinder and placed on the drip pad. 3 (lowest strength, not pretty). It has anti fungal properties along with a host of other positive features. But not all defects are obvious. CCA is a mixture of chromium, copper, and arsenic that turns wood green. We've downsized and im already overimproved. It is most commonly used for sheathing and applications where a fine finish is not required. While most residential pressure treated lumber is deemed safe for use, dust and particles can still be harmful. Treated wood products must meet very specific quality requirements to meet the building code. Dont know how PT Pine looks. Hi Raymond, it looks like this 2 in. Recommended for moulding and millwork applications. Once penetration is verified, the outer section of the cores is removed to measure the amount of preservative retained. *Load duration factors greater than 1.6 shall not apply to structural members pressure-treated with water-borne . No. Charges that are documented as conforming for penetration and retention by IQC results are subject to re-inspection by the agency to verify penetration and retention. Free of pitch pockets, pitch streaks and medium pitch on one wide face, but otherwise conforms to No.1 Dense or No.1 Dimension Lumber. Our next Blog will take the samples to the SPIB laboratory for analysis to determine if retention values are conforming. The SPIB grade-mark is recognized as a sign of integrity within the industry. '\ & Ls30+X61j\e(gV]]M(q9qs)loyM MCA can be used inside or out, above ground, in-ground, or in fresh-water contact residential areas. Some mills may then identify it A, B, C, or D for appearance based on how clear or free it is of knots and blemishes. However, some KD-HT wood at your local lumber yard might have a tag on the end of the lumber that specifies PT. #2 Prime/Appearance Grade (APG): A step up from #2 in appearance, this grade will have characteristics . MCA is an environmentally friendly water-based preservative considered safe for humans and animals and is an alternative to CCA. %PDF-1.5 % Green unseasoned lumber fresh from the mill is labeled either air-dried (AD) or surface-green (S-GRN). Lumber may have one hole every 3 and any splits must not be bigger than the plank is wide. A number that identifies the mill where the lumber was produced. As I understand it, the grade refers to the number of knots in a given length. High quality with good appearance characteristics. The lumber is stronger than #1 or #2 and is ideal for all structural construction applications. The kinds of softwood available in different geographic regions often determine what species is available for pressure treatment. Recommended for uses where high strength, stiffness and good appearance are desired. Treated wood will shrink as it dries and expand when wet and may acquire surface checks and cracks over time. No.1 Drop Siding is graded as No.1 Boards; No.1 Flooring and Paneling not provided under SPIB Grading Rules as a separate grade, but if specified, will be designated and graded as D. Graded as No.2 Boards. Provides good appearance with some of, Maximum recommended support spacing is 24" on center (16" on center for Imported Southern Pine), High-quality product, recommended where smallest knots are, Slightly less restrictive than premium grade. The sampling procedures are the same as required by IQC, but re-inspection of a given charge will likely involve only a portion of the total charge. For demanding applications, such as interior load-bearing walls, hell pay extra for these stronger grades. The wood is commonly used for light construction or framing where it isnt visible, or for bracing, packaging, and shipping purposes. Youll get less movement with kiln-dried (KD) or surface-dry (S-DRY) lumber, which has a moisture content between 16 and 19 percent. 139 0 obj <> endobj 153 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[139 24]/Info 138 0 R/Length 80/Prev 801267/Root 140 0 R/Size 163/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream My electrical answers are based on 2017 NEC, you may have local amendments. Treating systems treated under an approved ICC-ES ESR allow code officials the option to accept these products as equivalent for meeting code, as referenced above. All rights reserved. it is damn difficult to tell the differance on the new stuff. Got your hard hat and high-vis vest? A joist made of Douglas fir, for instance, will cover a greater span than a hemlock joist of the same size and grade. Lumber structurally graded #1 or #1 & BTR (#1 and better) has a wood grain slope of 1 in 10. Ground contact means anything within 6-inches of the ground or in contact with the ground, foliage, grasses, or over water or wet areas. r Premium and select classifications and the percentage of clear wood are appearance grades used by some mills and retailers. Some lumber is also treated for fire protection and used throughout different areas of residential, commercial, and industrial construction. 43:Gs * endstream endobj 143 0 obj <>stream For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. This information will then be combined with previous plant data to determine the plant performance status, as mentioned above. Well-manufactured material evaluated by calibrated mechanical grading equipment which measures certain properties and sorts the lumber into various strength classifications. Description & Documents #2 prime southern yellow pine with virtually no wane CA-C Above Ground pressure treated exterior wood protected by Ecolife (EL2); a stabilizing formula that repels water keeps boards straighter and looking better longer Ecolife (EL2) provides built-in water repellency that lasts for up to 3 Im not going to struggle with huge bows and twisting. Box 10915 Pensacola, Fl. Top-quality lumber 2x4 through 2x12 are either #2 Prime grade, #2 & Better/Appearance grade or #1 grade. Description & Documents #2 prime southern yellow pine with virtually no wane CA-C Above Ground pressure treated exterior wood protected by Ecolife (EL2); a stabilizing formula that repels water keeps boards straighter and looking better longer Ecolife (EL2) provides built-in water repellency that lasts for up to 3 Helping You to Do It Yourself! The look of the wood is only important if it is highly visible, such as deck boards, railings, and other visible structural members. Copyright 2023 This Old House Ventures, LLC. The wood grain has a 1 in 8 slope, and there may be bark edge or wane visible. It's easy to work with. Construction grade commonly refers to #1 grade lumber. Follow along as we decode the stamp and show you how to get the most lumber for your money. Premier structural grades. Best appearance (compared to Standard) High-quality lumber Smaller and fewer knots Standard Grade: Use when a rustic appearance is desired. The cores are then dried and ground for the purpose of analyzing the dust by x-ray, titration or gas chromatography methods. Stud is a fifth designation, meaning its good for a load-bearing wall. #1 is better. Recommended for general construction uses. The current process is mostly computerized and mechanized using modern technology. Here are the grades and types of lumber most commonly available, plus the percentage of clear wood you could expect for the appearance market or grade: Lumber with few or no knots or blemishes may be called premium by some mills or retailers to capitalize on DIYers wish for better-looking lumber. The lumber is commonly used for all facets of structural construction, plus furniture, shelving, decking, railings, siding, post, and other purposes where its visible appeal can be appreciated. So, weve covered a lot of ground, but this is not the end, not by a long shot! The stapled on label will have w/CE to indicate with color enhancement, she is correct. Using expensive wood that is naturally resistant may not fit the budget. Tell us how were doing! @_10ip CzHrGfnl~Frc>fkH 2X [ ^ endstream endobj 140 0 obj <>>> endobj 141 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 595.276 841.89]/Type/Page>> endobj 142 0 obj <>stream Modern science has developed preservative treatments that are odorless and colorless, and leave the wood paintable and dry to the touch. r H\Ak0:b @HZ=8&5FqjfvRut.I/55zb6+]5m&.wgUWm,ZM]nrO=gu${Tu?co2:4 Twenty cores are taken randomly throughout the charge to measure the depth of preservative penetration in each core. hVmO9 ^TUJk[ Tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium mobilization induced by BCR engagement is diminished in Spi1+/- SpiB-/- B lymphocytes, although many key BCR signaling proteins are expressed, suggesting that Spi-1 and Spi-B regulate expression of additional . 1, No. These requirements are initially checked by the producing treating plant, but are ultimately verified by independent, third-party agencies that ensure plants produce treated wood products in accordance with industry standards. The preservatives dont affect the load-bearing abilities, just provide protection against insect, mold, mildew, and rot damage. Both DIYers and building professionals will like these garden and outdoor living ideas and plans. Treated wood is made from strong evergreen species making it suitable for most building projects. To qualify for a SPIB grade-marking license, a mill must have verified credentials in the manufacturing, seasoning, and grading of Southern Pine lumber. Pressure treated wood for ground contact commonly has twice the chemical retention level as above ground rated lumber. Tough to find decent boards. It is the material of choice with both professionals and do-it-yourselfers for projects exposed to the rigors of weather, hot, humid climates, decay, and termites. We work together with our subscribers to provide consistent, accurate inspection data for their use to improve product quality, meet Building Code specifications, enhance service life, and promote industry sustainability. %PZqI]Hx(or3'Z1Ld8&.u$eIJ{\,a(1I4;^?dB;|+abd` wX{M\f/=#S8NS6~#|oNQ5 Lj|< W-&A^N'*6|t79Ir8:]3Y -Q/A9h.BBvX >A3s*E3_2pS\5a Grade based on No.1 Dimension Lumber except wane and other characteristics that affect appearance are limited. SPIB is committed to assisting our customers meet their treatment goals in the most cost-effective means possible. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking. It's distinctive wood grain appearance is great for decorative finishing. The quest for decent boards begins. Pressure treated to a Ground Contact retention of either ACQ or CA Chemical preservative. The stamps on lumber do not always include everything, the PT data is usually just on one of those plastic tags stapled on the end of the board which gets cut off or removed. SYP holds almost 85% of the U.S. pressure treated market. Overly dry wood often needs a pilot hole before fastening to prevent splitting. The unique cellular structure of Southern Pine permits deep and uniform penetration of preservatives, rendering the wood useless as a food source for fungi, termites and micro-organisms. Douglas fir has a tight close grain cell structure making it stronger and less prone to warping and twisting than pine. o>>QS-RSnwO4piq4Szh+jkS3NQn(:;^unn^}Q8ws{7sFS The process is similar for treating milled lumber, plywood, posts, or utility poles against rot and insects. Email: cspsales@canfor.com. Pressure treatment doesnt make the wood stronger or weaker, just more resistant to insect and moisture damage. Get the latest This Old House news, trusted tips, tricks, and DIY Smarts projects from our expertsstraight to your inbox. Gloves protect against slivers and water-soluble chemicals; it is also advisable to thoroughly wash hands before eating or drinking. Water-repelling at a molecular level Im building a deck and am getting conflicting info on the difference between #1 and #2 PT. The scope of the ALSC review may also include physical inspection of treated wood products at the plant location to verify penetration and retention as a means of comparing against previous findings by the agency. Then I worked to live. Appearance is same as D Finish for thicknesses 4" and less and widths 12" and less. Being 80% or more clear of defects, it is often used for cabinetry, furniture, and trim. The retention level is measured in pounds of chemical per cubic foot of wood (pcf). Dense Select Structural Select Structural. In the 19th-century railway companies used creosote to coat railway ties and timbers for bridges. It is not as strong as the other grades and is commonly used for where it wont be visible, and light framing purposes such as bracing, crates, and pallets. Use tar paper or bituminous tape to protect metal brackets and ho-dipped galvanized or stainless-steel fasteners, or those specially coated to prevent corrosion by wood preservative chemicals. 2023 Southern Pine Inspection Bureau | All Rights Reserved | SitemapP.O. As you look through our website, you will recognize the many different grades of lumber we stock. SPIB is able to assist manufacturers achieve and maintain the quality that their customers require by employing highly qualified instructors. 32524-0915 This process is required through the plants Internal Quality Control (IQC) for all treated lumber products to be represented as meeting an applicable standard. As we can find no formal and simple description of all the different grades, we attempt to describe the grades that we currently stock so that you can decide what best fits your need and customer base. No.1 Prime No.2 Prime H ighqu al ty, m ed nc r sfo . Many homes have fences, retaining walls, and garden boxes constructed of treated wood, and even the wooden utility poles supplying power and communications are pressure treated. Lumber with more checks, splits, wane, well-spaced larger knots and holes, and a grain slope of 1 in 4 are stamped #3 or construction grade. Allows well-spaced knots of any quality. The grade mark can include "1W" or "2W" if visually graded to the wane requirements for No.1 or No.2 dimension lumber, respectively. Office: (850) 434-2611 | Toll Free: (800) 995-7742 spib no. But in an existing house where the framing is already dry, hell use more stable, and more costly, KD lumber, or even MC-15 lumber, which has a moisture content of 15 percent or less. No 4x or 6x stuff that you might use for skids. Abbreviations for framing-grade softwoods, from strongest to weakest, Doug Fir, D Fir- L: Douglas fir (L=western larch). To qualify for a SPIB grade-marking license, a mill must have verified credentials in the manufacturing, seasoning, and grading of Southern Pine lumber. 2 grade lumber, commonly referred to as "#2 & Btr" is used where high design values are required and high appearance in not a factor. Denotes the woods species or a group of species with similar strengths. My 2-Story Addition Build in Progress Link . You Save $3.39 with Mail-In Rebate. Wood packaging material made of unprocessed raw wood is recognized as a pathway for the introduction and spread of pests. Copyright 2022Culpeper Wood Preservers | All rights reserved. Research shows that . See Finish grades for face side; reverse side wane limitations are lower. This specific set of data for each charge is called a charge report. Timber Grades have similar characteristics to the corresponding grades of dimension lumber. The treating process includes an initial vacuum to remove the excess moisture and air to aid in the absorption process. Minimum retention values are specified in the AWPA BOS for those preservative systems listed under AWPA and in the various Quality Manuals for those systems specified by a given ESR. Pressure treated wood may require several weeks or even months to dry before it will absorb stain or paint. 32524-0915 The type and dimension influence the strength of the timber. As the wood dries, the preservative is left behind to protect against insects, mold, mildew, fungal growth, and rot. The American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) sets the standards for the retention level required for the different chemical preservative compositions for specific types of use. Wood preservation also helps conserve forest resources for future generations by greatly reducing the amount of wood needed to replace untreated wood structures prematurely damaged by decay or termites. It is used to build exterior stairs, for posts, sheathing, siding, porches, decking, and railings too. A Production Category is defined as a given preservative, specie and retention combination. While each charge is evaluated on its own merit, it is important to note that overall evaluation of plant performance is done over the most recent 20 samples. SPIB is subject to continual review by ALSC to ensure that the laboratory and agency records remain in compliance. Grade based on No.2 Dimension Lumber except wane and other characteristics that affect appearance are limited. Gives the trademark or number of the mill of origin. In appearance grade, the planks are 66% clear wood. x 12 in. SPIB is accredited through IAS and maintains ISO certification as both an inspection agency (ISO 17020) and a Laboratory (ISO 17025). Combination for B&B and C grades; satisfies requirements for. The type of preservatives, retention level, and year it was treated are identified on the label. As I understand it, the grade refers to the number of knots in a given length. The kd19 is the customers assurance that it was dried to the proper level before it left the plant. Admits pieces below a No.3 grade which can be used without waste, or which contain less than 25% waste by cutting. Dimension stability improves 12-17 times compared to untreated wood Pressure treated lumber is divided into different types based on the retention level or amount of preservative retained in the wood after treatment. Different chemical solutions are used to create treated lumber. Mobile, AL. Lumber that is imported or for export requires the designation KD-HT, which means it has been kiln-dried and heat-treated to kill insects. Inspection Practices for Treated Lumber Products. Larger sizes conform to Dense Structural 65 Structural Lumber except for dense grain requirement. Generally sound and tight-knotted. s To limit the entry and spread of quarantine pest through international trade, the International Plant Protection Convention adopted the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures Guidelines for Regulating Wood Packaging Material in International Trade (ISPM 15). Even if you are on the right track, you will still get run over if you just sit there. Although there may appear to be many differences in what options to use for your next project, there may be more similarities than you know. Advances in preservative treatments, environmental management and sustainable forestry practices make treated wood an ecologically sound building material. Application of these grade-marks represents assurance by the manufacturer that their Southern Pine lumber product is properly manufactured and meets the grade requirements of their customers, ensuring consumer confidence in Southern Pine lumber products.
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